All of us know water is essential for life. People working in hot climates require to drink more water, keep themselves hydrated, and control their body temperature. However, drinking foul water can bring a lot of miseries to your health as well. Therefore, the adoption of water purification systems is recommended.

Here's a list of processes of how filtration of water is conducted:

Activated Carbon:

All these filters operate through adsorption. It's a process where gasses and liquids are attracted to other liquids or solids. After the water passes through the carbon filter, the majority of the impurities will be drawn to the spongy carbon surface, filling the broad ridges on its surface. Even though the charcoal filter is excellent at removing contaminants, among its drawbacks is that limescale can't be blocked by it.

Moreover, charcoal does not attract contaminants, so germs, fluoride, sodium, and nitrates will continue to flow from water. Another drawback is that in the time, the ridges in the charcoal will clog up, or so the filter won't be able to catch any more contaminants. That's the reason you have to replace the filter regularly.

Distillation:

These filters operate by boiling water and seizing the steam generated. When the steam cools down, it condenses back to water that's accumulated in a container. The boiling of water is done at a lower temperature compared to contaminants so that they stay there while the steam rises. Unfortunately, there exist some pollutants that will boil before the water so that the steam may carry them in the second container.

Ion Exchange:

The zeolite beads in the ion exchange filters comprise sodium ions. When water passes through the beads, then the ions are attracted to the magnesium and calcium components in the water. Calcium and magnesium are the primary components in limescale. In the absence of these two components, water will be softer and have a better taste. The sodium in the water might make it salty. A few people may not enjoy drinking it, though others may not be allowed to drink it because they're on a strict diet.

Reverse Osmosis:

This filtration system uses at least five filters, sometimes more. The filter blocks the rust, dust, debris, and other contaminants that might harm the RO membrane.

The first filter is used to block out the debris, dust, rust, and other contaminants that might harm the RO membrane.
The second filter is the carbon filter, which blocks harmful chemicals like chlorine, fluoride, and more.
The third filter can also be of the carbon, to catch smaller particles, making sure the water is free from contaminants when it reaches the membrane.
The fourth filter is known as a reversed membrane, and it'll block the contaminants according to its molecular weight, size, and charge. With this, 95 to 99 percent of these contaminants from the water will be blocked.
The fifth filter ensures that bacteria, viruses, what is left of the chlorine or smells are all removed.

Some versions of water purification systems will also have a UV light and exclusive filters that will raise the water's pH.