A rock drill is a tool used to directly mine stone. It drills and drills blastholes in the rock so that it can be put into a rock splitting machine to split the rock, thereby completing the mining of stone or other stonework. In addition, the rock drill can also be used as a breaker to break hard layers such as concrete. It can be used in conjunction with a hydraulic rock splitter or pile breaker. According to their power source, rock drills can be divided into four categories: pneumatic rock drills, gasoline rock drills, electric rock drills, and hydraulic rock drills.

(1) Basic Classification
1. Pneumatic Rock Drill

The pneumatic type uses compressed air to drive the piston forward in the cylinder so that the steel braze hammers the rock, which is widely used.

2. Electric Rock Drill

In the electric type, the electric motor drives the hammerhead to impact the steel drill through the crank connecting rod mechanism, chisel the rock, and use the powder discharge mechanism to discharge the stone chips.

3. Hydraulic Rock Drill

The hydraulic type relies on hydraulic pressure to impact the steel drill through the inert gas and the impact body to gouge the rock. As one of the important engineering equipment, hydraulic rock drills are indispensable in the construction of mines, highways, buildings, and other fields.

4. Gasoline Rock Drill

The gasoline rock drill does not need to replace the internal parts of the nose, just move the handle as required, and then it can work. It is easy to operate, more time-saving, labor-saving, and has the characteristics of fast chiseling speed and high efficiency. Drilling holes in the rock can be drilled vertically down and horizontally up to less than 45° and up to six meters deep. It can work in high mountains, flat ground, in the extreme heat of 40°, or the severe cold area of minus 40°. This machine has a wide range of adaptability. The internal combustion rock drill has various functions such as splitting, crushing, tamping, shoveling, etc. for mining, construction, cement pavement, asphalt pavement, etc. It is widely used in mines, construction, fire fighting, geological prospecting, road construction, quarrying, etc. Construction, engineering, etc.

(2) Working Principle of Rock Drilling Machine
The rock drill works according to the principle of impact crushing. When working, the piston makes high-frequency reciprocating motion, constantly impacting the shank. Under the action of the impact force, the sharp wedge-shaped drill bit crushes the rock and chisels into a certain depth, forming a dent. After the piston retracts, the drill rotates through a certain angle, the piston moves forward, and when it hits the drill tail again, a new dent is formed. The fan-shaped rock block between the two dents is sheared by the horizontal force generated on the drill bit. The piston continuously impacts the drill tail and continuously inputs compressed air or pressurized water from the center hole of the drill to discharge the slag out of the hole, forming a circular hole with a certain depth.