“Synthetic biology advances have the potential to create new goods, materials, and services that will help the United Nations achieve its Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. To ensure that these benefits are available to everyone, support for synthetic biology programmes in underdeveloped nations is required.”
Sustainability is fashionable, with companies and towns competing to improve their public image by producing goods and services from renewable resources. Despite this, cities continue to grow tremendously, and carbon emissions continue to rise. Global CO2 emissions are increasing practically every year (about 36 billion tonnes in 2014), with solid and liquid fuels accounting for the majority of them.
For decades, scientists and economists have advocated scientific and economic strategies to reduce these emissions, with some success. However, 21st-century issues demand 21st-century solutions, and corporations — the primary source of carbon emissions — are rarely prepared to sacrifice revenues to promote sustainability.
Fortunately, synthetic biology — an engineering approach to biology that produces and uses tools to design and build functionalities in cells — provides a way to execute cost-effective manufacturing processes that produce materials, fuels, and chemicals that are superior to currently available products.
The solution lies in the engineering and adaptation of genetically engineered organisms.
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Major Market Highlights:
LanzaTech is an industrial-scale synthetic biology startup that uses engineered organisms to capture carbon waste and convert it to transportation fuel. Last year, it launched its first industrial facility outside of Beijing, which collects emissions from a steel mill and produces over 16 million gallons of ethanol per year. Soon, the company will add four more plants, resulting in annual emissions reductions equivalent to eliminating hundreds of thousands of automobiles from the road.
DuPont's Industrial Biosciences division is likewise actively moving its R&D toward synthetic biology solutions that can alleviate troublesome chemical production challenges. It already has big, active research programmes in place to reduce food waste, develop renewable fuels, and develop biomaterials with market-driven solutions based on genetically modified organisms.
Pivot Bio, situated in Berkeley, California, recently reported the invention of a nitrogen-producing microbe that can be used instead of synthetic fertilisers. Ammonia production is both energy-intensive and wasteful, releasing millions of tonnes of CO2 into the environment each year. Without affecting crop productivity, Pivot Bio's modified strain will lessen the agriculture industry's dependency on synthetic fertilisers.
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