Any switch designed to be operated by a person is generally called a hand switch, and they are manufactured in several varieties which are enlisted below:

1. Toggle switches are actuated by a lever angled in one of two or more positions. The common light switch used in household wiring is an example of a toggle switch.

2. Pushbutton switches are two-position devices actuated with a button that is pressed and released. Most pushbutton switches have an internal spring mechanism returning the button to its “out,” or “unpressed,” position, for momentary operation.

3. Selector switches are actuated with a rotary knob or lever of some sort to select one of two or more positions.

4. A joystick switch is actuated by a lever free to move in more than one axis of motion. One or more of several switch contact mechanisms are actuated depending on which way the lever is pushed, and sometimes by how far it is pushed.

5. Limit switches closely resemble rugged toggle or selector hand switches fitted with a lever pushed by the machine part.

6. Proximity switches sense the approach of a metallic machine part either by a magnetic or high-frequency electromagnetic field.

Emergency switches ensure the safety of persons and machinery and provide consistent, predictable, failsafe control response. A wide range of electrical machinery must have these specialized switch controls for emergency shutdown to meet workplace safety and established international and U.S. regulatory requirements.

Emergency stop switch generally referred to as E-Stop is wired in series with the control circuit of machinery equipment. When pushing the mushroom head of emergency stop button will break the circuit of machinery equipment and removes power supply from that keeps the circuit energized.
E-Stops – critical human machine interface (HMI) devices – differ from simple stop switches in that they offer “foolproof” equipment shutdown. This is accomplished through advanced switch design that requires a twist, pull, or key to release electrical contacts to allow machinery restart.

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